Information for Healthcare Providers
Direct Biologics is committed to providing the latest information on exosome scientific and clinical research. ExoFlo is an exosome allograft product isolated from bone marrow-derived MSCs that provides multiple regulatory proteins.
What are ExoFlo™ Exosomes?
Involved in cell to cell communication
Natural signals with no preservatives
Approximately 30nm – 150nm in size
Exosomes contain
More than 1,000 regulatory proteins1
- Anti-inflammatory cytokines
- Angiogenic growth factors
- Matrix regenerative signals
- Tumor suppressor signals
- Inhibitors of apoptosis
Messenger RNA (mRNA) – ON SWITCH
Translated by recipient cells into new proteins that can regulate inflammatory cells and new vessel formation
Micro RNA (miRNA) – OFF SWITCH
May inhibit mRNA of chronic inflammatory cytokines and matrix catabolic enzymes
Exosomes Are Not Small Cells
- Anti-inflammatory cytokines
- Angiogenic growth factors
- Matrix regenerative signals
- Tumor suppressor signals
- Inhibitors of apoptosis
Why Bone Marrow MSCs?
- Peer reviewed published studies clearly indicate that BM-MSCs have a much higher safety profile and yield higher quality exosomes that deliver a more favorable profile of signaling factors vs. perinatal derived MSCs
- Bone marrow derived MSCs are a much more characterized cell source.
- Over 63,000 peer reviewed papers have been published on bone marrow derived MSCs vs. up to 1,200 on perinatal derived MSCs.
- Given the reported differences in safety, quality, and efficacy of exosome products, it is important for physicians to thoroughly investigate the exosome product being considered.
Resources
Clinical & Scientific Publications
IRB Approved Pilot Safety Study of an Extracellular Vesicle Isolate Product Evaluating the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Combat-Related Injuries
Stem Cell Res 2020, 1(2)-11.
Exosomes Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Treatment for Severe COVID-19.
Stem Cells & Dev. 2020;29(12):747-754. doi:10.1089/scd.2020.0080
Exosome Origins: Why the Cell Source Matters
Stem Cells Regen Med. 2020; 4(1): 1-4.
Current knowledge on exosome biogenesis and release description
Cell. Mol. Life Sci. (2018) 75:193–208
Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15, 4142-4157; doi:10.3390/ijms15034142
Extracellular vesicles potential roles in regenerative medicine
published: 03 December 2014 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00608
Investigation of Content Stoichiometry Neural stem cells
PLOS ONE | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0146353 January 11, 2016
Wound healing effect of adipose-derived stem cells A critical role of secretory factors on human dermal fibroblasts
Journal of Dermatological Science (2007) 48, 15—24
Concise Review: MSC-Derived Exosomes for Cell-Free Therapy
Stem Cells 2017;35:851–858
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Secretome and Extracellular Vesicles for Acute Lung Injury and Other Inflammatory Lung Diseases
Expert Opin Biol Ther . 2016 July ; 16(7): 859–871.
Paracrine Effects and Heterogeneity of Marrow-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells: Relevance for the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases
Сells Tissues Organs 2013;197:445–473
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References
- Anderson, J.D., Johansson, H.J., Graham, C.S., Vesterlund, M., Pham, M.T., Bramlett, C.S., Montgomery, E.N., Mellema, M.S., Bardini, R.L., Contreras, Z., Hoon, M., Bauer, G., Fink, K.D., Fury, B., Hendrix, K.J., Chedin, F., EL‐Andaloussi, S., Hwang, B., Mulligan, M.S., Lehtiö, J. and Nolta, J.A. (2016), Comprehensive Proteomic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Reveals Modulation of Angiogenesis via Nuclear Factor‐KappaB Signaling. Stem Cells, 34: 601-613. doi:10.1002/stem.2298